\u201cThe Screwtape Letters<\/a>\u201d is C.S. Lewis<\/a>\u2019 ninth book and his first major success as a Christian writer. It is a satirical, Christian apologetic epistolary novel that is written from the perspective of a senior demon as he offers letters of advice to his nephew (a more novice demon) about how to bring a man to the dark side.<\/p>\n C.S. Lewis is best known for \u201cThe Chronicles of Narnia,\u201d a series he wrote eight years after \u201cThe Screwtape Letters.\u201d The series is now receiving renewed interest after its recent screen adaptation by famed director Greta Gerwig. The Christian themes in \u201cThe Chronicles of Narnia\u201d are more subtle (at least to me, a Jew and lifelong atheist\u2026 I thoroughly enjoyed the series as a child and was not aware until recently that it has a huge Christian cult following). In contrast, \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d is saturated with religion in a way that cannot possibly be missed.<\/p>\n Each of Screwtape\u2019s 31 letters hammer home the point: the devil is cunning, and he will do anything to tempt and win you over.<\/p>\n I was not Lewis\u2019 target audience. I do not believe in the devil, nor was I swayed toward Christianity over the course of the book. Still, I was surprised by how much I took away from the novel. Though written nearly a century ago, Lewis offers societal critiques and observations that still feel uncannily fresh today.<\/p>\n C.S. Lewis\u2019 \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d is structured as a series of 31 letters written by a senior demon, Screwtape, to his younger nephew, Wormwood. Wormwood has been assigned to corrupt an ordinary human man, referred to only as \u201cthe patient;\u201d over the course of the novel, Wormwood works to steer the patient away from God (in Screwtape\u2019s words, \u201cthe Enemy\u201d) and toward damnation.<\/p>\n Early in the correspondence, Wormwood suffers a major failure when the patient converts to Christianity, prompting Screwtape to repeatedly correct his nephew\u2019s instinct toward reckless, obvious sin. Instead, Screwtape insists on a quieter strategy: distraction, moral complacency, misplaced priorities and gradual compromise. The patient\u2019s life unfolds largely off page \u2014 through love, belief and the pressures of the outside world \u2014 while Screwtape refines Wormwood\u2019s approach, emphasizing long-term erosion of faith. The patient ultimately becomes a case study in how small choices, habits and attitudes shape a person\u2019s inner life. In turn, it is Lewis\u2019 goal that the reader becomes a case study as well.<\/p>\n I read this book from a nonreligious perspective. At first, I did not fully grasp how deeply Lewis\u2019 outlook is rooted in Christianity, nor how seriously he hopes to guide readers toward a Christian way of life. When I first began reading, I briefly wondered whether Lewis was truly on the side of the devil. That is how convincingly he writes from Screwtape\u2019s perspective, and how sharp and clever the satire. Though I did not take away the theological message Lewis intended regarding God and the devil, I still found many of his observations on morality and human nature compelling, insightful and strikingly relevant.<\/p>\n This list is from my perspective in the 2020s, not necessarily the way Lewis intended the book.<\/p>\n Like \u201cThe Screwtape Letters,\u201d \u201cGood Omens\u201d\u2019 main characters are two devils. While the plot differs from this point out (\u201cGood Omens\u201d is about the birth of the son of Satan and the coming of the End Times), this novel is similarly satirical and deals with comparable themes of sabotage, duty and the battle between good and evil.<\/p>\n While coming from the opposite perspective of Lewis, \u201cThe Gospel According to Jesus Christ\u201d is also a religious satire novel. The book, a fictional retelling of Jesus Christ\u2019s life, depicts Christ as a complicated human character. Though this is an anti-religious book (contrasting \u201cThe Screwtape Letters,\u201d which is certainly pro-religion), it is equally provocative and philosophical.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div> At The Rauch Review<\/a>, we care deeply about being transparent and earning your trust. These articles explain why and how we created our unique methodology for reviewing books and other storytelling mediums.<\/p>\n<\/div> \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d is a Christian apologetic (i.e. defends Christianity) novel. Unsurprisingly, the novel has typically appealed to practicing Christians; it is a book that is often discussed within church, youth group and bible study spaces.<\/p>\n However, considered with a grain of salt, this book holds appeal for the nonreligious as well. Removed from its historical and religious context, the book\u2019s critiques of morality and societal pressures could easily apply to contemporary concepts like the manosphere, beauty industry and political echo chambers. If nonreligious readers can separate the book from its author\u2019s original intent, I think anyone who enjoys fables, self-reflection and moral debate would find this book to inspire nuanced thought.<\/p>\n There are some readers, both religious and secular, who view the novel within the category of afterlife fiction such as \u201cThe Inferno.\u201d The book does involve hell, and it discusses some of the same moral issues as typical afterlife novels. Nonetheless, most afterlife novels focus far more on worldbuilding.<\/p>\n The novel is written from the first-person perspective of Screwtape (that is, apart from one single page, out of 175 total, that is written from the first-person perspective of Toadpipe, Screwtape\u2019s secretary). The style remains consistent as well, with each chapter comprised of one letter from Screwtape to Wormwood. Though Screwtape\u2019s letters imply that he has received replies from Wormwood, we don\u2019t see those replies ourselves.<\/p>\n Editorial Note: We believe these three factors are important for evaluating general writing quality across every aspect of the book. Before you get into further analysis, here\u2019s a quick breakdown to clarify how we\u2019re using these words:<\/em><\/p>\n The most compelling part of \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d is Lewis\u2019 thought-provoking writing.<\/p>\n On page 13, for example, Lewis wrote, \u201cYour patient must demand that all his own utterances are to be taken at their face value and judged simply on the actual words, while at the same time judging all his mother\u2019s utterances with the fullest and most over-sensitive interpretation of the tone and the context and the suspected intention.\u201d This section prompted my own self-reflection about the hypocrisy I demonstrate in spats with my sister.<\/p>\n Later, on page 60, Lewis wrote, \u201cThe Christians describe the Enemy as one \u2018without whom Nothing is strong\u2019. Nothing is very strong: strong enough to steal away a man\u2019s best years not in sweet sins but in dreary flickers of the mind over it knows not what and knows not why, in the gratification of curiosities so feeble that the man is only half aware of them, in drumming of fingers and kicking of heels, in whistling tunes that he does not like, or in the long, dim labyrinth of reveries that have not even lust or ambition to give them a relish, but which, once chance association has started them, the creature is too weak and fuddled to shake off.\u201d<\/p>\n This section encouraged me to think about my priorities in life, and how to actively not live a life of \u201cNothing.\u201d<\/p>\n On page 78, Lewis writes, \u201cWe want a whole race perpetually in pursuit of the rainbow\u2019s end, never honest, nor kind, nor happy now, but always using as mere fuel wherewith to heap the altar of the future every real gift which is offered them in the Present.\u201d<\/p>\n This section inspired me to think about the importance of rooting my thinking in the present, and the consequence of ruminating about the future.<\/p>\n And, on page 84, Lewis writes, \u201cThe real fun is working up hatred between those who say \u2018mass\u2019 and those who say \u2018holy communion\u2019 when neither party could possibly state the difference\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n This section made me wonder about religious difference and simultaneously supported an unpopular thought I\u2019ve always held: that it makes no sense that different Christian sects upset and oppose each other when, small differences aside, they have all the major things in common: the same holy book, the same God, the same house of worship.<\/p>\n Throughout the book, Lewis as Screwtape prompts the reader to evaluate their own morals, priorities, actions and beliefs. For this reason, anyone interested in self-examination will likely find the writing stimulating.<\/p>\n Lewis published this book in 1941. The writing style certainly reflects the time period. Though Lewis\u2019 musings are evergreen, his prose can be dated and hard to understand.<\/p>\n For example, on page 66, Lewis wrote, \u201cI have known a human defended from strong temptations to social ambition by a still stronger taste for tripe and onions.\u201d (When was the last time tripe was popular? I\u2019m sure many readers wouldn\u2019t even know what it is!)<\/p>\n Lewis can also be a bit long-winded. On page 107, he writes this run-on sentence: \u201cAs a result we are more and more directing the desires of men to something which does not exist\u2014making the role of the eye in sexuality more and more important and at the same time making its demands more and more impossible.\u201d All in all, the novel is short: clocking in at just 175 pages. In an age where the average novel is far above 50,000 words, \u2018The Screwtape Letters\u2019 is certainly concise. It was surprising to me, then, when the patient\u2019s fate is determined swiftly in Screwtape\u2019s final letter. Though it is shown beforehand that the patient is leaning in that direction (no spoilers!), his mind does not seem yet made up. Thus, his ultimate destiny feels hurried at the end. I would\u2019ve preferred to see the struggle play out a bit further, to increase the impact and believability.<\/p>\n There are four main characters in The Screwtape Letters:<\/p>\n Though Screwtape \u201cwrites\u201d every letter, and Wormwood is mentioned in every letter, we never learn much about either of them. We receive no backstory for either of their characters, nor do we learn their personalities or personal motives.<\/p>\n The only character we learn about \u2014 and can develop a more complex understanding of \u2014 is \u201cthe patient.\u201d While Screwtape and Wormwood remain one-dimensional (all we know about them, really, is their aspiration to claim souls), we receive a layered picture of the patient. We learn about his family background and dynamics, his history of religious belief, and the types of friendship he keeps. We follow him as he joins and leaves churches, and as he falls in love and gets married. Not only do we gain extensive knowledge of his external life events, but also his internal beliefs. Though we never hear from the patient himself, nor from Wormwood, Screwtape\u2019s letters paint a detailed picture of the patient\u2019s outer world and inner emotional landscape. It is the patient with whom we are most familiar when the book ends, and whose storyline is wrapped up neatly. Just as Screwtape and Wormwood really have no beginning, they also have no end.<\/p>\n Overall, the novel tells an interesting story. As Screwtape attempts to advise Wormwood on how to win over the patient, the book leads the reader through a nuanced journey about the battle between \u201cgood\u201d and \u201cevil,\u201d the spectrum of morality and the reality of societal pressures.<\/p>\n Still, the story is about religion at its core. While nonreligious meaning can be gleaned, Lewis intends for the story to lead readers toward Christianity. For those who have religious trauma, this story could be dangerous if you are ill-prepared.<\/p>\n On page 38, Lewis writes, \u201cNow it may surprise you to learn that in His [God\u2019s] efforts to get permanent possession of a soul, He relies on the troughs even more than the peaks\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n Though Lewis means to imply that people can rely upon God when they are weak, I (through my skewed religious lens) viewed it another way: that religion often preys upon the weak. For those who are \u201cweak:\u201d This story (more so, its motivations) may yet be too strong for you.<\/p>\n Screwtape\u2019s \u201cwriting\u201d is poetic and emotional. His lines are flowery, expressive, and drawn out. His word choice makes it clear that he is zealous about performing well in his job as a demon. He is fervent about his allegiance to the devil, and equally so by his hatred of \u201cthe Enemy\u201d (God).<\/p>\n In his analysis of the patient, he is meticulous and clinical.<\/p>\n His tone makes his feelings about his nephew clear; he obviously wants to advise Wormwood, but also feels endlessly frustrated by his nephew\u2019s laziness, lack of creativity and insubordination. Screwtape\u2019s writings are just as much love letters to his nephew (and about his feelings toward \u201cgood\u201d and \u201cevil\u201d) as they are hate mail.<\/p>\n Lewis wrote \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d from Oxford in 1940, and he chooses this same time and place to set the world within which \u201cthe patient\u201d exists. Throughout the novel, Screwtape asks about the patient\u2019s feelings toward the war. As the book goes on and the \u201csecond German war\u201d is mentioned, we grow to understand that the patient lives in London during the Blitz.<\/p>\n Screwtape, on the other hand, writes from his office. Though we never receive a description of Screwtape\u2019s surroundings, we are meant to understand that he reports from the hellish underworld. Wormwood, lastly, exists on Earth \u2014 presumably residing close to the patient, as he engages in his daily efforts of temptation.<\/p>\n While Screwtape passes the novel attempting to aid Wormwood in a successful soul possession, Lewis devoted the book to influencing the reader toward Christianity. It is helpful context to know that Lewis wrote \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d not long after recommitting to Christianity himself. Though Lewis grew up in a practicing Christian family, he became an atheist at 15.<\/p>\n Years later, he was brought \u201ckicking, struggling, resentful\u201d back to religion by his Oxford colleague and friend J. R. R. Tolkien<\/a> in 1931. (Yes! The same Tolkien who wrote \u201cThe Hobbit<\/a>\u201d and \u201cThe Lord of the Rings<\/a>!\u201d And, just as I had no idea that \u201cThe Chronicles of Narnia<\/a>” is a Christian series, I was equally unaware that \u201cThe Lord of the Rings\u201d is a story rooted in Christian values.) In fact, \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d is dedicated to J. R. R. Tolkien.<\/p>\n Lewis wrote Screwtape as a character who is cunning, conniving, charming and brilliant. Screwtape is subtle in his temptation, but unwavering. He will stop at nothing to claim human souls for the devil.<\/p>\n Lewis hoped that his depiction of Screwtape would persuade readers to be wary of the (real) devil. He wanted the reader to know that, like Screwtape and Wormwood, the devil will stop at NOTHING to claim YOUR soul.<\/p>\n On the reverse side, Lewis wrote about God with an abundance of love and admiration. On page 65, Lewis wrote, \u201cOf course I know that the Enemy [God] also wants to detach men from themselves, but in a different way\u2026 When He talks of their losing their selves, He only means abandoning the clamour of self-will; once they have done that, He really gives them back all their personality, and boasts (I am afraid, sincerely) that when they are wholly His they will be more themselves than ever.\u201d<\/p>\n In modern language: Lewis wants readers to know that, once they commit themselves to God, they will feel more themselves than ever.<\/p>\n I found these portions of the book to be overly heavy-handed. Though Lewis is aiming to write from the perspective of the devil, Screwtape\u2019s hatred for \u201cthe Enemy\u201d is too transparent; it cannot block out nor cover Lewis\u2019 impervious devotion to God. And, of course, Lewis is not trying to hide his commitment to Christianity (for he hopes it will inspire the readers to commit as well). Nonetheless, his heavy-handed messaging can be a hard read at times for those of us who do not wish to be converted.<\/p>\n Culturally the book helped reassert Christian moral thought in a largely secularizing war-torn Britain. Lewis\u2019 decision to write from the devil\u2019s point of view allowed him to critique modern habits \u2014 distraction, passivity, moral relativism, intellectual pride \u2014 without sounding overtly preachy. This narrative made the book accessible even to readers who did not share his faith, contributing to its lasting cross-cultural appeal.<\/p>\n Politically, \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d is skeptical of grand movements and abstract causes. Lewis implied that ideologies become dangerous when they replace personal moral accountability. War, nationalism and progress are treated not as inherently virtuous nor evil, but as tools that can be exploited when individuals surrender ethical reflection to collective thinking. In this way, the book functions as a quiet warning against moral outsourcing \u2014 whether to governments, institutions or historical inevitability.<\/p>\n Ultimately, the book\u2019s enduring significance lies in its insistence that cultural and political outcomes are shaped less by dramatic choices than by ordinary habits of thought. It suggests that the health of a society depends on the unseen moral lives of its individuals. This message continues to feel relevant in any era marked by polarization, distraction and ideological certainty.<\/p>\n Many fans of \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d are devoted Christians, while many opponents find the book oppressively Christian. Both stances make complete sense to me, given their context.<\/p>\n For those who are already Christian, or are willing or open to becoming more committed, the novel is a wanted reminder (among other things) that the devil is bad and God is good. On the other hand, for readers with religious trauma, devout atheists and members of other religions, \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d can sometimes feel fanatical, heavy-handed and undesirably persuasive.<\/p>\n Though I\u2019m an atheist myself (that is just a matter of my opinion, and I feel no judgement toward anyone that feels differently), I personally still found a lot of value in this book. The significance for me was not in any messaging about God, but the heavy-handed God bits were easy enough to skip past in favor of the parts that provoked helpful thought.<\/p>\n I certainly make no attempt to convince advocates nor adversaries of the book that they are wrong. Instead I hope that the book, for all its clever musings, might be taken with a grain of salt.<\/p>\n While \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d has had multiple covers throughout the years, its most popular cover is a bold design of red, yellow, black and white. In the center of the page (underneath Lewis\u2019 name and above the book title) is an illustration of a fountain pen. The pen is caught in the middle of leaving a blotch of black ink right on the E in Lewis.<\/p>\n There are also four additional ink blots spread across the cover: an effect that looks so real I once worried I had accidentally smudged ink onto my page. Because the entire book is a collection of penned letters, the centered writing device feels apt.<\/p>\n When I first began reading \u201cThe Screwtape Letters,\u201d Lewis\u2019 satire was so convincing that I genuinely did not realize it was a Christian book. In fact, I thought it to be the opposite.<\/p>\n Though Lewis\u2019 motives did become increasingly clear as I continued to read, so too did his obvious brilliance. For example, on page 4, Lewis drops this nugget (spoken from the perspective of Screwtape): \u201cBut the best of all is to let him read no science but to give him a grand general idea that he knows it all and that everything he happens to have picked up in casual talk and reading is \u2018the results of modern investigation\u2019.\u201d<\/p>\n This line stopped me in my tracks for, even though it was written nearly a century ago, the same could just as easily be said about today\u2019s \u201cmanosphere.\u201d<\/p>\n Similarly, on page 107, he says, \u201c\u2026we thus aggravate the female\u2019s chronic horror of growing old (with many excellent results) and render her less willing and less able to bear children.\u201d<\/p>\n Does this not describe the current beauty industry?<\/p>\n As I continued to read, Lewis\u2019 writing prompted countless self-reflection on my own familial relationships, priorities, and vices. Though I expected to be turned away by the excessive religiousness, I found the book to be an unexpected and cerebral delight.<\/p>\n Later, Lewis writes, \u201c\u2026spring is always felt as a novelty yet always as the recurrence of an immemorial theme,\u201d on page 136.<\/p>\n In this way, reading a good book is like spring.<\/p>\n In the end, \u201cThe Screwtape Letters\u201d succeeds not because it persuades every reader to accept Lewis\u2019s theology, but because it compels them to look more closely at themselves. Even read outside its Christian framework \u2014 as I did \u2014 it remains a sharp, unsettling examination of how easily habits, distractions and small moral concessions shape a life. Lewis\u2019s greatest achievement is not conversion but confrontation: By inhabiting the voice of a devil so convincingly, he forces the reader into an uneasy self-awareness that lingers long after the final letter. That enduring relevance, rather than its religious intent, is what gives the book its lasting power.<\/p>\n\u2018The Screwtape Letters\u2019 Summary: Two Demons Wage a Campaign of Subtle, Recurrent Corruption<\/h2>\n
Books Like \u2018The Screwtape Letters\u2019<\/h3>\n
\u2018Good Omens: The Nice And Accurate Prophecies of Agnes Nutter, Witch<\/a>\u2019 by Terry Pratchett<\/a> and Neil Gaiman<\/h4>\n
\u2018The Gospel According to Jesus Christ<\/a>\u2019 by Jos\u00e9 Saramago<\/a><\/h4>\n
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Audience and Genre: Religious Satire, But Not Only for Christians<\/h2>\n
Perspective: All Screwtape, All The Time<\/h2>\n
Three Cs: Compelling, Clear, Concise<\/h2>\n
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Compelling: Words That Prompt Self-Reflection and Growth<\/h3>\n
Clear: Published in 1941, And It Shows \u2014 Also, Run-On Sentences<\/h3>\n
\nAs a result, some of Screwtape\u2019s letters might need a second re-reading before their meaning can be easily discerned.<\/p>\nConcise: Short and Bittersweet<\/h3>\n
\nStill, the book runs into a pacing problem at the end. Out of the book\u2019s 31 letters, Screwtape spends about 30 advising Wormwood how to ease along the corruption of the patient. Over the course of these letters, we can see the patient take steps both forward and backward. As a result, we are kept on our toes: will the patient be claimed by heaven or hell? We keep reading to find out.<\/p>\nCharacter Development: All About The Patient<\/h2>\n
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\u2018The Screwtape Letters\u2019 Story: Timeless, Stimulating and Dangerous?<\/h2>\n
Prose Style: An Impassioned, Annoyed Uncle<\/h2>\n
Setting: War-Torn England and Hell<\/h2>\n
Rhetoric: Persuasion Toward Conversion<\/h2>\n
Cultural and Political Significance: An Intellectual Tome That Withstands Time<\/h2>\n
Critiquing the Critics: Countless Proponents and Opponents, and a Hopeful Middle Ground to be Found<\/h2>\n
Book Aesthetic: A Reference to Letter-Writing<\/h2>\n
Reviewer\u2019s Personal Opinion: A Surprisingly Enjoyable Read for This Jewish Atheist<\/h2>\n
The Screwtape Letters Review: Understandably Controversial, Satisfyingly Intellectual<\/h2>\n
Buying and Rental options<\/h2>\n
E-Commerce Text Purchases<\/h3>\n